What is the term for an electrical connection between a live circuit and the earth?

The term that describes an electrical connection between a live circuit and the earth is "Ground or earth." This term is crucial in electrical safety as it serves to direct any excess electrical charge safely away from electrical devices and into the ground. This happens during fault conditions to prevent electric shock and equipment damage, thereby enhancing safety in residential, commercial, and industrial settings.

A fuse provides over-current protection by melting when the current exceeds a certain level, thus interrupting the circuit, but it does not serve the role of grounding. A circuit breaker also interrupts a circuit during fault conditions, but similarly, it does not create an electrical connection to the ground. Voltage drop refers to the reduction of voltage in an electrical circuit and is not related to grounding. The concept of ground is essential for maintaining the safety and reliability of electrical systems, making it a fundamental aspect in any health and safety context in regard to electrical installations.